O C. The data are continuous because the data can only take on specific values. O C. The data are continuous because the data can. Pick three quiz scores randomly from each column. The percent columns make comparing the same categories in the colleges easier. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. If you sample without replacement, then the chance of picking the first person is ten out of 25, and then the chance of picking the second person (who is different) is nine out of 24 (you do not replace the first person). Also, in both cases, not all students have a chance to be in either sample. Two students carry three books, one student carries four books, one student carries two books, and one student carries one book. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. The distance from G to H in Please include what you were doing when this page came up and the Cloudflare Ray ID found at the bottom of this page. 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"source[1]-stats-705", "program:openstax", "licenseversion:40", "source@https://openstax.org/details/books/introductory-statistics" ], https://stats.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fstats.libretexts.org%2FCourses%2FLas_Positas_College%2FMath_40%253A_Statistics_and_Probability%2F01%253A_The_Nature_of_Statistics%2F1.02%253A_Variables_and_Types_of_Data, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), of Students at De Anza College Fall Term 2007 (Census Day), 1.1: Descriptive and Inferential Statistics, Percentages That Add to More (or Less) Than 100%, http://www.well-beingindex.com/default.asp, http://www.well-beingindex.com/methodology.asp, http://www.gallup.com/poll/146822/gaquestions.aspx, http://www.math.uah.edu/stat/data/LiteraryDigest.html, http://www.gallup.com/poll/110548/ga9362004.aspx#4, http://de.lbcc.edu/reports/2010-11/fhts.html#focus, http://poq.oxfordjournals.org/content/70/5/759.full, source@https://openstax.org/details/books/introductory-statistics, status page at https://status.libretexts.org, Students who intend to transfer to a 4-year educational institution. The data are continuous because It is not possible to measure qualitative data in terms of. You cannot expect your brain to work nicely with hundreds of thoughts, it will only create a mess. Thats why it is also known as Categorical Data. Surely, you can get all the study material on Vedantu mobile app- learn live online. Record the number and the first quiz score. Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. A large ship is sailing between three small islands. But still, their samples would be, in all likelihood, different from each other. Legal. The two numbers are for two of the columns. A high school principal polls 50 freshmen, 50 sophomores, 50 juniors, and 50 seniors regarding policy changes for after school activities. Height is continuous but we sometimes don't really worry too much about minor variations and club heights into a set of discrete data instead. This is important to know when we think about what the data are telling us. feet, 190 sq. There are several different methods of random sampling. You sample five gyms. There are two types of data: Qualitative and Quantitative data, which are further classified into: Now business runs on data, and most companies use data for their insights to create and launch campaigns, design strategies, launch products and services or try out different things. A discrete data set because there are a finite number of possible values. What are the career options in the field of Statistics? Books for these classes tend to be expensive. Vedantu LIVE Online Master Classes is an incredibly personalized tutoring platform for you, while you are staying at your home. It is further classified as discrete data and continuous data. They may be related (correlated) because of their relationship through a different variable. It is not possible to measure qualitative data in terms of numbers and it is subdivided into nominal and ordinal data. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. Again, you sample the same five students. A histogram is used to display quantitative data: the numbers of credit hours completed. The data are the weights of backpacks with books in them. the type of car you drive. This data helps market researchers understand the customers tastes and then design their ideas and strategies accordingly. 2013 - 2023 Great Lakes E-Learning Services Pvt. a. stratified; b. systematic; c. simple random; d. cluster; e. convenience. The type of data that has clear spaces between values is discrete data. Data that can only take on certain values are discrete data. These kinds of data are also known as Numerical data. The amount a person grew (in height) in a year. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous and explain why The amounts of time that different brands' batteries last in a CD player. It includes only those values which are separate and can only be counted in whole numbers or integers, which means that the data can not be split into fractions or decimals. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. These data can be represented on a wide variety of graphs and charts, such as bar graphs, histograms, scatter plots, boxplots, pie charts, line graphs, etc. Additional Resources Keep counting ten quiz scores and recording the quiz score until you have a sample of 12 quiz scores. Non-response or refusal of subject to participate: The collected responses may no longer be representative of the population. The key difference between discrete and continuous data is that discrete data contains the integer or whole number. You will learn why when you study confidence intervals. It was mentioned previously that two or more samples from the same population, taken randomly, and having close to the same characteristics of the population will likely be different from each other. Press ENTER 2 more times (even the repeats). For example, you could stratify (group) your college population by department and then choose a proportionate simple random sample from each stratum (each department) to get a stratified random sample. We choose ten different part-time students from the disciplines of chemistry, math, English, psychology, sociology, history, nursing, physical education, art, and early childhood development. The other examples of qualitative data are : Difference between Nominal and Ordinal Data, Difference between Discrete and Continuous Data, 22 Top Data Science Books Learn Data Science Like an Expert, PGP In Data Science and Business Analytics, PGP In Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning, Nominal data cant be quantified, neither they have any intrinsic ordering, Ordinal data gives some kind of sequential order by their position on the scale, Nominal data is qualitative data or categorical data, Ordinal data is said to be in-between qualitative data and quantitative data, They dont provide any quantitative value, neither can we perform any arithmetical operation, They provide sequence and can assign numbers to ordinal data but cannot perform the arithmetical operation, Nominal data cannot be used to compare with one another, Ordinal data can help to compare one item with another by ranking or ordering, Discrete data are countable and finite; they are whole numbers or integers, Continuous data are measurable; they are in the form of fractions or decimal, Discrete data are represented mainly by bar graphs, Continuous data are represented in the form of a histogram, The values cannot be divided into subdivisions into smaller pieces, The values can be divided into subdivisions into smaller pieces, Discrete data have spaces between the values, Continuous data are in the form of a continuous sequence, Opinion on something (agree, disagree, or neutral), Colour of hair (Blonde, red, Brown, Black, etc. Sampling without replacement instead of sampling with replacement becomes a mathematical issue only when the population is small. All members of the four departments with those numbers are the cluster sample. A defective counting device can cause a nonsampling error. Also, the sample represents only those who showed up to the event earlier than the majority. A bar graph is appropriate to compare the relative size of the categories. What type of data is this? Discrete data. Qualitative data are generally described by words or letters. Do you think that either of these samples is representative of (or is characteristic of) the entire 10,000 part-time student population? There are no strict rules concerning which graphs to use. Statistics is a quite tough subject but for those who know how to use their mind, its the best one for them as it involves more practical knowledge and conceptual learning. So, you will get the result too! For the purpose of analysis, data are presented as the facts and figures collected together. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. In one study, eight 16 ounce cans were measured and produced the following amount (in ounces) of beverage: 15.8; 16.1; 15.2; 14.8; 15.8; 15.9; 16.0; 15.5. To four decimal places, 9/25 = 0.3600 and 9/24 = 0.3750. Continuous Data Examples: Measurement of height and weight of a student, Daily temperature measurement of a place, Wind speed measured daily, etc. O C. 4. The durations of a chemical reaction comma repeated . Continuous data is the data that can be of any value. . The station uses convenience sampling and surveys the first 200 people they meet at one of the stations music concert events. What is the main difference between discrete and continuous data? Number each department, and then choose four different numbers using simple random sampling. The sample probably consists more of people who prefer music because it is a concert event. We might make different choices of what we think is the best graph depending on the data and the context. the chance of picking the first person for any particular sample is 1000 out of 10,000 (0.1000); the chance of picking a different second person is 999 out of 9,999 (0.0999); you do not replace the first person before picking the next person. A completely random method is used to select 75 students. Besides simple random sampling, there are other forms of sampling that involve a chance process for getting the sample. The first sample probably consists of science-oriented students. The departments are the clusters. To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a proportionate number from each stratum. interval. Small letters like \(x\) or \(y\) generally are used to represent data values. So is the case of statistics too. A sample that is not representative of the population is biased. This is true even when the samples are well-chosen and representative of the population. A sample should have the same characteristics as the population it is representing. . CS State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. 24 people said theyd prefer more talk shows, and 176 people said theyd prefer more music. You go to the supermarket and purchase three cans of soup (19 ounces) tomato bisque, 14.1 ounces lentil, and 19 ounces Italian wedding), two packages of nuts (walnuts and peanuts), four different kinds of vegetable (broccoli, cauliflower, spinach, and carrots), and two desserts (16 ounces Cherry Garcia ice cream and two pounds (32 ounces chocolate chip cookies). Nominal data.Ordinal data.Discrete data.Continuous data. If you count the number of phone calls you receive for each day of the week, you might get values such as zero, one, two, or three. Statistics and Probability questions and answers, state whether the data is continous or discrete The durations of To determine the proportion of people taking public transportation to work, survey 20 people in New York City. You'll find career guides, tech tutorials and industry news to keep yourself updated with the fast-changing world of tech and business. Variation is present in any set of data. The continuous data can be broken down into. Difference Between Continuous and Discrete Data, Questions on Discrete Data Continuous Data. This is completely natural. Your instructor will give each group one six-sided die. For this example, suppose Lisa chooses to generate random numbers from a calculator. Doreen's sample will be different from Jung's sample. Roll one fair die (six-sided) 20 times. For the purpose of analysis, data are presented as the facts and figures collected together. If all the money in the 555, find the number of 10 coins in it 12. Ordinal data have natural ordering where a number is present in some kind of order by their position on the scale. In reality, a sample will never be exactly representative of the population so there will always be some sampling error. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval . Why or why not? It helps you in saving time later as you already have some knowledge about algebra. D. The Press ENTER. four children shared a two third liter bottle of drink equal.how much did each child drink , two pairs of hikers leave the same camp heading in opposite divections. Press 5:randInt( and enter 1, 60). This site is using cookies under cookie policy . Statistics involves organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and representing data. You can go for many of the career options if you pursue stats, you can get detailed information about all of the above-mentioned choices and also many more careers on the online website of Vedantu which tells the full forms and also the detailed explanation of each one of them. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. 10. All data that are the result of counting are called quantitative discrete data. B. One student has a red backpack, two students have black backpacks, one student has a green backpack, and one student has a gray backpack. Be aware that many large samples are biased. First, we use convenience sampling and survey ten students from a first term organic chemistry class. These kinds of data can be considered in-between qualitative and quantitative data. The second sample is taken using a list of senior citizens who take P.E. Data may be classified as qualitative, quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. In a college population of 10,000 people, suppose you want to pick a sample of 1,000 randomly for a survey. Quantitative data, on the other hand, is one that contains numerical values and uses a scope. Displaying percentages along with the numbers is often helpful, but it is particularly important when comparing sets of data that do not have the same totals, such as the total enrollments for both colleges in this example. Most data can be put into the following categories: Qualitative data are the result of categorizing or describing attributes of a population. Dominic Lusinchi, President Landon and the 1936 Literary Digest Poll: Were Automobile and Telephone Owners to Blame? Social Science History 36, no. Press ENTER 15 times and record the numbers. Three cell phone towers form APQR. These 15 quiz scores are the systematic sample. Have some sleep, its important. The Other/Unknown category is large compared to some of the other categories (Native American, 0.6%, Pacific Islander 1.0%). Quantitative data can be expressed in numerical values, making it countable and including statistical data analysis. It is a good idea to look at a variety of graphs to see which is the most helpful in displaying the data. The freshman, sophomore, junior, and senior years are numbered one, two, three, and four, respectively. However, if two or more of you are taking the same data and get very different results, it is time for you and the others to reevaluate your data-taking methods and your accuracy. A. For example, a computer software store conducts a marketing study by interviewing potential customers who happen to be in the store browsing through the available software. Items a, e, f, k, and l are quantitative discrete; items d, j, and n are quantitative continuous; items b, c, g, h, i, and m are qualitative. Starting with that student, every 50th student is chosen until 75 students are included in the sample. One-third of a number when decreased by 2 equals one-fifth of the nimenbe Find the number. The option "B" is correct i.e. The following pie charts have the Other/Unknown category included (since the percentages must add to 100%). 8. Each random number may only contribute one class member. However for practical reasons, in most populations, simple random sampling is done without replacement. The time(in minutes) it takes The time(in minutes) it takes A: It is given that the time (in minutes) it takes different students to drive to school from home. Discrete data is a sort of numerical data that consists of full, concrete numbers that have particular and fixed data values that are determined by counting. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. O C. For example, it does not make sense to find an average hair color or blood type. Whenever you face any problem the best solution is consulting the concerned teacher, you should never hesitate to ask for doubts. If you did the experiment a third time, do you expect the results to be identical to the first or second experiment? Arrow over to PRB. Working with data requires good data science skills and a deep understanding of different types of data and how to work with them. continuous, and explain why. Do not automatically assume that the study is good, but do not automatically assume the study is bad either. Examples of discrete variables are the number of students and age. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Asking all 10,000 students is an almost impossible task. Number of bacteria in a petri dish is 12,120. The graph in Figure \(\PageIndex{5}\) is a Pareto chart. answer below. The results of convenience sampling may be very good in some cases and highly biased (favor certain outcomes) in others. The number of classes a student missed. Samples that contain different individuals result in different data. y's house is at D, 750 feet from the intersection. Create a cluster sample by considering each state as a stratum (group). Numeric variables represent characteristics that you can express as numbers rather than descriptive language. The three cans of soup, two packages of nuts, four kinds of vegetables and two desserts are quantitative discrete data because you count them. State whether each situation is categorical or quantitative. the number of classes you take per school year. Q: State whether the data below are discrete or continuous, explain why. Press MATH. Measurements of the amount of beverage in a 16-ounce can may vary because different people make the measurements or because the exact amount, 16 ounces of liquid, was not put into the cans. QUESTIONState whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. The numbers of hotels in cities Choose the correct answer below. Notice that the frequencies do not add up to the total number of students. The data are discrete because the data can . O C. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. The data are the colors of backpacks. The discrete data are countable and have finite values; their subdivision is not possible. Whether you are a data scientist, marketer, businessman, data analyst, researcher, or you are in any other profession, you need to play or experiment with raw or structured data. These 18 quiz scores are a stratified sample. And this is the reason why most students find it to be an interesting subject. Each student is chosen using simple random sampling. In this situation, create a bar graph and not a pie chart. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why The speeds of the different people walking in a park Choose the correct answer below. Opinion poll posted online at: www.youpolls.com/details.aspx?id=12328 (accessed May 1, 2013). Qualitative data tells about the perception of people. This data helps a company analyze its business, design its strategies, and help build a successful data-driven decision-making process. Below are tables comparing the number of part-time and full-time students at De Anza College and Foothill College enrolled for the spring 2010 quarter. You count discrete data. 13. Ordinal data is qualitative data for which their values have some kind of relative position. Your email address will not be published. The data are the number of machines in a gym. B. Blood type might be AB+, O-, or B+. Factors not related to the sampling process cause nonsampling errors. B. Suppose we take two different samples. the number of data values is increased), their sample results (the average amount of time a student sleeps) might be closer to the actual population average.

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