Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, Deltoid, Latissimus dorsi, Supinator, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Extensor indicis proprius, Extensor digiti minimi, Brachioradialis, Thenar eminence, Hypothenar eminence, Interossei, Lumbricals, Inferior angle and lower part of the lateral border of the scapula, Intertubercular sulcus (medial lip) of the humerus, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus (arm), Lateral border of the scapula (middle part), Greater tubercle of the humerus (inferior facet), Lateral rotation of the arm, stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Greater tubercle of the humerus (middle facet), Greater tubercle of the humerus (superior facet), Assistance in arm abduction,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Medial rotation of the arm,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Transverse process of the atlas and axis, posterior tubercles C3 and C4, Posterior surface of the medial scapular border (from the superior angle to the root of the spine of the scapula), Anterior rami of the nerves C3 and C4, dorsal scapular nerve (branch of the C5), Superior nuchal line, external occipital protruberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula, Spinal accessory nerve; C3 and C4 spinal nerves, Elevation, depression, and retraction of the scapula, Medial half of the clavicle (clavicular head); anterior surface of the sternum, 1st to 6th costal cartilages, aponeurosis of, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus, Anterior surface of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs and the fascia overlying the intercostal spaces, Medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula, Protraction of the scapula, pulls the coracoid process anteriorly and inferiorly, accessory muscle in respiratory, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula, Abduction and stabilization of the shoulder joint, Spinous processes of T7-L5 and sacrum, iliac crest, X-XII ribs, Distal half of the anterior side of the humerus and intermuscular septa, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, supinator of the forearm, accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint, Anterior surface of the ulna (distal quarter), Anterior surface of the radius (distal quarter), Forearm pronationand binding of the radius and ulna, Anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane, Proximal parts of the anterior and lateral surfaces of the ulna and interosseous membrane, Bases of the phalanges of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part), bases of the phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Ulnar nerve (medial part), anterior interosseous nerve (lateral part), Flexion of the distal phalanges at the interphalangeal joints of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part) and of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna (humero-ulnar head) and superior half of anterior border (ulnar head), Shafts of middle phalanges of medial four digits, Flexion of middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints and flexion of the proximal phalanges at the metacarpophalangeal joints of the middle four digits, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor tendon), Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (humeral head), coronoid process of the ulna (ulnar head), Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, crest of the ulna, supinator fossa, radial collateral and anular ligaments, Surface of the proximal third of the radial shaft, Posterior surfaces of the middle and distal phalanges (2nd-5th), Posterior interosseus nerve (branch of the radial nerve), Extension of the index, middle, ring and little fingers, Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, posterior border of the ulna, Medial side of the base of the metacarpal V, Posterior side of the distal third of the ulnar shaft; interosseous membrane, Proximal two-thirds of the supra-epicondylar ridge of the humerus, Lateral surface of the distal end of the radius, Forearm flexion, especially during mid-pronation, Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium and scaphoid bones, Thumb flexion, abduction, and medial rotation resulting in a combined movement called opposition, Abduction of the 5th digit and flexion assistance of the proximal phalanx, Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Flexion of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Sides of two adjacent metacarpals (dorsal interossei) and palmar surfaces of the 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals (palmar interossei), Bases of the proximal phalanges via the extensor expansions of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei) and 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), Abduction of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei), adduction of the 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), assisting the lumbricals in extension, Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus, Lateral expansions of the 2nd to 5th digits, Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints and extension of the interphalangeal joints of the 2nd to 4th digits. When movement of a body part occurs, muscles work in groups rather than individually. Trapezius muscle:This is a superficial, large, fan like muscle found on the back. Due to this abducting movement, the supraspinatus is commonly referred to as the suitcase muscle; i.e. Extensor digitorum muscle:This muscle lies in the extensor compartment and arises from the lateral epicondyle. Muscle Name or Group Origin Insertion Action. Muscle contraction results in different types of movement. Chapter 1. Insertion inferior border of 12th rib and iliolumbar ligament and ((transverse process of L1-L4)) Long head originates from the Supraglenoid cavity. Most of these movements are realized when we run. Definition. Due to these attachments, contraction and muscle shortening of the biceps flexes the forearm. Rhomboid major muscle:This is a ribbon like rhomboid shaped muscle that arises from the spinous processes of the T2-T5 (T = thoracic) vertebraeand inserts onto the medial border of the scapula. remember this mnemonic: Aortic hiatus=12 letters =T12 Esophageal =10 letters= T10 Vena cava = 8 letters = T8 , My action is to bilaterally extend the head and neck and unilaterally laterally flex . Click the card to flip . It causes extension of the IP joints, the MP joints, and wrist. Origin: Clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action: Abducts arm; flexes, extends, medially, and laterally rotates arm. It arises from the lateral epicondylar ridge and inserts onto the radial styloid process. Generally the muscles in the same compartment insert into the same bone. It also assists in medial (anterior fibers) and lateral rotation (posterior fibers). Hip Muscles | Anatomy, Support & Movement, Pectoralis Major Action, Function, Insertion & Origin, Erector Spinae Action, Origin & Insertion | Iliocostalis, Longissimus & Spinalis, Teres Major Muscle Action, Origin & Insertion | Teres Major Location, Multifidus Muscle | Origin, Insertion & Action, Pectoralis Minor | Origin, Action & Insertion, Establishing Boundaries in Massage Therapy, Deltoid Muscle Action, Origin & Insertion | Deltoid Muscle Function. An error occurred trying to load this video. In our cheat sheets, you'll find the origin (s) and insertion (s) of every muscle. Gross Anatomy I. Insertion: Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus Action: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm (spirals underarm to front . | 15 The actions and innervation are the same as the rhomboid major. It also flexes the MP and wrist joints, although these are its secondary functions. Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone, occipital bone. Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. Mnemonic for Pectoral Muscles Origin Insertion Function Mnemonics for Facial Muscleshttps://youtu.be/ulMHYpvoRbsMnemonics for Tongue Muscle. It is often grouped as one of the muscles of the arm due to its insertion, but its actions involve the shoulder portion only, this why it has been included in the shoulder section here. Grounded on academic literature and research, validated by experts, and trusted by more than 2 million users. It blends into the thoracolumbar fascia, which acts to stabilize the sacroiliac joints along with the gluteus maximus muscles. The longus is innervated by the radial nerve and the brevis by the posterior interosseous branch. It is innervated by spinal nerves C3-C4 and C5 via the posterior (dorsal) scapular nerve. It is available for free. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Identify the following muscles and give their origins, insertions, actions and innervations: The skeletal muscles are divided into axial (muscles of the trunk and head) and appendicular (muscles of the arms and legs) categories. 1. This is a bony deformity of the finger or toes associated with rheumatoid arthritis and trauma to the end of the extended finger. The patient will present with tenderness within the anatomical snuffbox. The Peripheral Nervous System, Chapter 18. 2023 lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Muscular contraction produces an action, or a movement of the appendage. When a movement is repeated over time, the brain creates a long-term muscle memory for that task, eventually allowing it to be performed with little to no conscious . Author: Short head originates from Coracoid process. Click the card to flip . Injection Gone Wrong: Can You Spot The Mistakes? 1. insertion: ribs, A big sheet flashcard sets. Supinator muscle:It is a small muscle that arises from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, the supinator crest of the ulna, as well as the annular and radial collateral ligaments that support the radius against the ulna. The omohyoid muscle, which has superior and inferior bellies, depresses the hyoid bone in conjunction with the sternohyoid and thyrohyoid muscles. Rhomboid minor muscle:This is a smaller muscle with the same shape as the rhomboid major and lies above it. It is innervated by the posterior scapular nerve. Each of these actions can be described in one of two ways. It is important to note that the scapula does articulate with the acromial end of the clavicle forming the acromioclavicular joint (AC joint), as well as the humeral head with the scapular glenoid cavity (fossa) which forms the glenohumeral joint. We strive for 100% accuracy, but nursing procedures and state laws are constantly changing. Simplify your retention of the thenar muscles by learning the following mnemonic! The triceps brachii becomes the agonist - while the biceps brachii is the antagonist - when we extend our forearm. Groups of muscles are involved in most movements and names are used to describe the role of each muscle involved. The muscle then descends inferiorly to insert into the radial tuberosity of the radius as well as help create the bicipital aponeurosis, an expansion that inserts into the deep fascia of the forearm and onto the ulna. These are unique muscles which originate from flexor tendon and insert into extensor tendon and act as guy ropes to correct tension between two opposing forces to maintain balance.. The muscles are named after their functions, with the flexor muscle lateral most, the abductor medial most, and the opponens muscle lying deep. The blood supply to the bone runs distal to proximal, as the nutrient branch of the radial artery enters at the distal pole, and runs proximally. Some axial muscles cross over to the appendicular skeleton. The head is balanced, moved and rotated by the neck muscles (Table 11.5). A rule of thumb is that any muscle tendon that crosses a joint will act on that joint. Depresses mandible when hyoid is fixed; elevates hyoid when mandible is fixed; Posterior belly; facial nerve Anterior belly mylohyoid nerve, Elevates and retracts hyoid; elongates floor of mouth, Elevates floor of mouth in initial stage of swallowing, Depresses mandible when hyoid; elevates and protracts hyoid when mandible is fixed, Depresses hyoid after it has been elevated, Depresses the hyoid during swallowing and speaking, Depresses hyoid; Elevates larynx when hyoid is fixed, Depresses larynx after it has been elevated in swallowing and vocalization, Temporal bone (mastoid process); occipital bone, Unilaterally tilts head up and to the opposite side; Bilaterally draws head forward and down, Occiput between the superior and inferior nuchal line, Extends and rotates the head to the opposite side, Posterior rami of middle cervical and thoracic nerves, Unilaterally and ipsilaterally flexes and rotates the head; Bilaterally extends head, Posterior margin of mastoid process and temporal bone, Extends and hyperextends head; flexes and rotates the head ipsilaterally, Dorsal rami of cervical and thoracic nerves (C6 to T4), Rotates and tilts head to the side; tilts head forward, Individually: rotates head to opposite side; bilaterally: flexion, Individually: laterally flexes and rotates head to same side; bilaterally: extension, Transverse and articular processes of cervical and thoracic vertebra, Rotates and tilts head to the side; tilts head backward, Spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebra. Do Humans Have an Open or Closed Circulatory System? These muscles are located inside the eye socket and cannot be seen on any part of the visible eyeball (Figure 11.4.3 and Table 11.3). The pectoral girdle, or shoulder girdle, consists of the lateral ends of the clavicle and scapula, along . The movements would be used in bowling or swing your arms while walking. This results in a restricted range of motion. Last reviewed: July 22, 2022 It inserts onto the radial aspect of the 1st metacarpal. The muscles of the anterior neck facilitate swallowing and speech, stabilize the hyoid bone and position the larynx. It is innervated by the medial (C8-T1) and lateral (C5-C7) pectoral nerves. Here's a mnemonic that summarizes the brachioradialis and helps you to remember it. Like the trapezius, this muscle can be divided into three sets of fibers: anterior, lateral, and posterior. It arises from the transverse processes of the superior four cervical vertebrae (C1-C4). Thenar eminence:It consists of three muscle: flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, and the opponens pollicis. The clavicular head arises from the medial two thirds of the inferior surface of the clavicle. Deltoid muscle:This muscle is named due to its Greek delta letter shape (triangular) appearance. Working together enhances a particular movement. It is innervated by the radial nerve, a portion of the posterior branch of the brachial plexus. Those in the same compartment will have the same action. An Introduction to the Human Body, Chapter 2. It acts as an abductor of the shoulder, and inserts onto the superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus. Inferior dislocations are the least common and make the upper limb appears as if you are holding your upper limb upwards. Reviewer: Because the muscles insert in the skin rather than on bone, when they contract, the skin moves to create facial expression (Figure 11.4.1). Latissimus dorsi muscle :This is a large, fan shaped superficial muscle which has a large area of origin. Muscles involved in chewing must be able to exert enough pressure to bite through and then chew food before it is swallowed (Figure 11.4.4 and Table 11.4). The serratus anterior muscle originates from the 1st to 8th or 9th rib s and inserts at the anterior surface of the scapula. The stylohyoid muscle moves the hyoid bone posteriorly, elevating the larynx, and the mylohyoid muscle lifts it and helps press the tongue to the top of the mouth. I highly recommend you use this site! The flexor digiti minimi brevis originates from the hamate boneand inserts onto the ulnar aspect of the base of the 5th proximal phalanx. For . Extensor digiti minimi muscle:This muscle arises from the anterior surface of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus.

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